316L表面激光熔覆复合微弧氧化制备陶瓷涂层

目的提高316L不锈钢表面的耐蚀性和生物活性。方法首先采用激光熔覆技术在316L不锈钢表面制备钛层,然后对钛层表面进行微弧氧化处理,从而在316L不锈钢表面制备出含有Ca、P元素的多孔状陶瓷涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)、能谱仪(Energy Dispersive Spectrometer,EDS)、X射线衍射仪(X-Ray Diffraction,XRD)分析了钛层厚度对陶瓷涂层的表面显微形貌、元素含量及物相组成的影响。利用电化学实验、浸泡实验分别测试了涂层在1.5倍SBF溶液中的耐蚀性能和生物活性。结果通过激光熔覆复合微弧氧化能够在316L不锈钢表面制备出多孔状陶瓷涂层。随着钛层厚度的增加,微弧氧化原位生成的陶瓷涂层致密度、厚度也增加。当钛层厚度达到0.4 mm时,微弧氧化后得到的陶瓷涂层完整致密,厚度达到20μm。涂层主要由锐钛矿相Ti O2、金红石相Ti O2组成。极化曲线分析可知,腐蚀电位Ecorr为-0.162 V,腐蚀电流密度降至5.11×10-7 A/cm2。陶瓷涂层在1.5倍SBF中浸泡3天后表面即有羟基磷灰石沉积。结论通过激光熔覆复合微弧氧化在316L不锈钢表面制备的陶瓷涂层在模拟体液环境下具有较好的耐蚀性能,同时也具备良好的生物活性。     

前驱体对激光熔覆复合溶胶凝胶制备陶瓷涂层的影响

目的研究不同前驱体配比下,激光熔覆复合溶胶凝胶在3Cr13不锈钢表面制备的陶瓷涂层的性能,并对强化机理进行分析。方法通过溶胶凝胶法制备均匀的前驱体,即Ti O2和C(微米石墨和碳纳米管),利用激光熔覆技术,在3Cr13不锈钢基体表面制备出高性能的涂层。采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪对涂层组织和相成分进行分析,采用维氏硬度计对涂层的硬度进行测试,采用HT-600型高温摩擦磨损试验机测试基体和熔覆层在常温下的磨损性能。结果通过溶胶凝胶法,制备出均匀的Ti O2和C混合粉末。激光熔覆后,在覆层中均匀分布着Ti C和Cr7C3强化相。改变前驱体配比,当C和Ti O2的摩尔比增大时,涂层组织明显细化,且涂层中无气孔,显微硬度也有较大提高。当n(TiO2)∶n(C)=1∶8时,次表面显微硬度达到810HV0.2,涂层硬度从上到下呈现递减的趋势,且涂层的耐磨性最好,为基体的4.5倍。结论增大C和Ti O2两者摩尔比,可以提高熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性。在熔池中,Ti C密度较小,涂层中硬质颗粒从上到下依次减少,与之对应,硬度也依次递减。同时,碳纳米管的加入将对涂层起到细晶强化的效果。Ti与碳纳米管和微米石墨结合生成微米级和亚微米级Ti C,提高了形核率,Cr7C3以亚微米级Ti C为非均质核心,形核长大,生成均匀分布的Cr7C3强化相。     

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Dynamics of Charge Exchange Processes between Single Trap and Nanowire Channel

In the present study, transport properties and single trap phenomena in silicon nanowire (NW) field‐effect transistors (FETs) are reported. The dynamic behavior of drain current in NW FETs studied before and after gamma radiation treatment deviates from the predictions of the Shockley–Read–Hall model and is explained by the concept taking into account an additional energy barrier in the accumulation regime. It is revealed that dynamics of charge exchange processes between single trap and nanowire channel strongly depend on gamma radiation treatment. The results represent potential for utilizing single trap phenomena in a number of advanced devices.     

热障涂层后处理技术研究进展

热障涂层是一种降低航空发动机热端部件表面温度、提高发动机推力和效率的热防护技术,但其服役于高温、高压、高交变应力等恶劣环境而易脱落失效.对热障涂层的后处理技术进行了阐述,论述了真空热处理、热等静压处理、激光重熔、激光上釉、激光熔覆等后处理技术的方法和原理,并对比了不同工艺的优缺点.最后,展望了激光表面改性技术的应用前景和未来发展趋势.     

Calibration of pulse pressure sensors using the laser near-surface air breakdown

A method for calibrating pulse pressure sensors by a spherical shock wave, generated by the laser near-surface air breakdown, is proposed. The method is based on comparing the breakdown shock wave amplitude, measured by the calibrated sensor, and the calculated amplitude for identical breakdown conditions. The amplitude of the shock wave is calculated by the Sadowski formula with coefficients modified with reference to the laser blast.     

Laser nano-manufacturing – State of the art and challenges

This paper provides an overview of advances in laser based nano-manufacturing technologies including surface nano-structure manufacturing, production of nano materials (nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanowires) and 3D nano-structures manufacture through multiple layer additive techniques and nano-joining/forming. Examples of practical applications of laser manufactured nano-structures, materials and components are given. A discussion on the challenges and outlooks in laser nano-manufacturing is presented.     

Analysis of dynamic matching networks for the ICRF system at ASDEX Upgrade

The ICRF (Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies) system, used to heat the plasma of ASDEX Upgrade, consists of RF generators, 3 dB hybrids, coaxial transmission lines, matching networks and inductive loop antennas. The maximum power achievable by the generator strongly depends on the amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficient. Hence, matching of the antenna input impedance to the generator output impedance is essential for the ICRF heating system. The coupling between the ICRF antennas and the plasma is subject to relatively fast variations (few ms). The changes are caused by the modification of plasma edge conditions, such as L–H mode transitions, gas puffing or ELMs (Edge Localized Modes). These variations change the impedance of the ICRF antennas. For optimal operation of the ICRF system, a continuous, and fast matching is therefore preferable. A MATLAB^® based simulation tool has been developed to analyse matching networks for the ICRF system at ASDEX Upgrade. The program is highly flexible, and can solve the matching calculations for different conditions and configurations of the system. The results are presented in a Smith chart.     

Adhesion of poly(m-, p-phenylene isophtalamide) coatings to metal substrates

The adhesive properties of wear-resistant poly(m-, p-phenylene isophtalamide) coatings to substrates of ferrous and non-ferrous metal materials which are the most common in mechanical engineering were investigated experimentally. The results of measurements of adhesive characteristics taken with the help of such methods as a cross cutting test, a quantitative peel test, a lap shear strength test, a contact angle test and a spreading radius test are discussed in terms of the three most common mechanisms of adhesion: mechanical coupling, molecular bonding, and thermodynamic adhesion. It was established that the adhesive properties of poly(m-, p-phenylene isophtalamide) coatings depend on the content of a ferrite component in the structure of carbon steel substrates.     

Structure,magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of RE11Ge8In2 (RE = Gd–Tm)

A new tetragonal Gd₁₁Ge₈In₂ phase has been obtained by arc-melting and annealing at 800 °C. The structure has been determined and refined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data in the I4/mmm space group with a = 11.2091(6) and c = 16.3994(9) Å. Phases with the RE₁₁Ge₈In₂ (RE = Gd–Tm) composition were subsequently synthesized and their structures were refined using X-ray powder diffraction methods. Magnetic measurements carried out on RE₁₁Ge₈In₂ (RE = Gd–Tm) indicated a ferromagnetic ordering in all phases. The magnetocaloric effect in terms of the magnetic entropy change, ΔS_mag, was evaluated for the Gd-, Tb- and Tm-containing samples, and the largest |ΔS_mag| value of 10.6 J/kg K was obtained for Tm₁₁Ge₈In₂.